Week 1

Writing Computer Software

• Describe the steps involved in creating and running a Java program
• Describe the contents of source (.java) and class (.class) files
• Explain what happens (at a high level) when a Java program is compiled
• Explain what happens (at a high level) when a Java program is run
• Describe the difference between compilation and execution errors
• Explain why a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is required in order to run a Java program
• Describe how bytecode makes Java programs portable
• List the basic steps involved in software development

Primitive datatypes, Variables, Identifiers

• List the primitive types supported in Java: int, long, float, double, char, and boolean (tutorial)
• Define numeric literal and provide an example of one
• Define character literal and provide an example of one
• Select the most appropriate primitive type to store a given piece of data
• Use the assignment statement
• Describe what happens in memory when a primitive variable is declared
• Describe what happens in memory when an object identifier (reference) is declared
• Describe the differences between primitives and objects (reference variables)
• Define string literal and provide an example of one
• Graphically illustrate the difference between primitives and reference types with memory diagrams
• Demonstrate how an instance of a class is created (new operator)
• Use valid and meaningful identifiers that are consistent with Java naming conventions

Java Programming Basics

• Recognize code documentation in source code
• Demonstrate at least two forms of syntax for adding comments to source code
• Replace hard coded constants with named constants

Week 2

Standard Java Classes

• Demonstrate the use of String.substring
• Demonstrate the use of String.length
• Demonstrate the use of String.charAt
• Use Oracle's Java documentation to ascertain if a method is part of a given class

Arithmetic expressions

• Demonstrate proper use of the following arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %
• Identify and avoid unintended integer division errors
• Distinguish between binary and unary operations
• Define operator precedence
• Interpret arithmetic expressions following operator precedence rules
• Define and apply typecasting
• Interpret code that makes use of compound assignment operations: *=, /=, +=, -=, and %=

Input/Output

• Use wrapper classes to perform type conversion, e.g., int num = Integer.parseInt("14");
• Explain the source of data associated with the system input buffer: System.in
• Perform standard/console input using the Scanner class
• Explain the destination for data sent to the system output buffer: System.out
• Perform standard/console output using the System.out.println method

Algorithms and Design

• Define the term algorithm
• Explain the motivation for doing design before coding
• Make use of variables and operations to perform calculations
• Construct and interpret flowcharts representing sequential, conditional, and looping structures
• Construct and interpret pseudocode representing sequential, conditional, and looping structures
• Use flowcharts and pseudocode to describe algorithmic solutions to simple problems
• Trace a program to debug it without running it

Week 3

Selection statements

• Define the functionality of the following relational operators: <, <=, !=, ==, >=, >
• Use relational operators to control program flow
• Define the functionality of the following boolean operators: &&, ||, and !
• Use boolean and relational operators to construct meaningful boolean expressions
• Use boolean expressions to control program flow
• Describe the behavior of an if statement
• Describe the program flow through a series of nested if statements
• Use nested if statements to control program flow
• Use a switch statement to control program flow
• Rewrite a switch statement with one or more (potentially nested) if statements
• Explain the purpose of the case, break and default reserved words
• Define identifier scope and describe the implication to identifiers declared within an if block

Iteration statements

• Interpret code that makes use of the following looping constructs: while, do-while, and for
• Design and write code that makes use of the following looping constructs: while, do-while, and for
• Describe how the following constructs differ: while, do-while, and for
• Rewrite a given while loop into an equivalent for loop, and vice versa
• Select the most appropriate type of loop for a given problem

Week 4

More Standard Java Classes

• Define an Application Programming Interface (API)
• Use Oracle's Java documentation to ascertain the capabilities of a given standard java class
• Use the Javadoc page for the Math class to perform calculations involving the following mathematic operations:
  • Absolute value
  • Trigonometric functions (in degrees and radians)
  • pi - ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
  • x^y
  • logarithmic functions
  • maximum/minimum of two numbers
  • Square root
• Use parsing methods in wrapper classes to convert text representations of numbers into numeric format
• Use the toString method in wrapper classes to convert from numeric format into text representations
• Be familiar with methods from the Character class such as isDigit and toLowerCase
• Use methods from the String class such as isEmpty, substring, indexOf, etc...
• Format standard/console output using the System.out.printf method
• Generate random numbers

Java Packages

• Explain the purpose of a Java package
• List at least two packages that are part of the Java standard library
• Define the term fully qualified name
• Explain the purpose of the import statement

Coding Standards

• Explain the purpose of a coding standard
• Apply the MSOE Coding Standard

Week 5

Object Oriented Design / Object Oriented Programming

• Define the following object oriented concepts:
  • Object types (Classes)
  • Class instances (Objects)
  • Instance variables (Attributes/Fields)
  • Instance behaviors/actions (Methods)
• Define the concept of a driver class
• Distinguish between classes and objects
• Describe how objects interact with one another by sending messages

Week 6

UML

• Correctly annotate and interpret fields (name and type) on a class diagram
• Correctly annotate and interpret methods (with arguments and return type) on a class diagram
• Generating class diagram from a verbal description of a class
• Use visibility modifiers to denote the visibility of a field or method

Class creation basics

• Describe how an object differs from a primitive
• Describe how a class differs from a primitive type
• Define and use classes with multiple methods and data members (fields)
• Define and use value-returning and void methods
• Properly use visibility modifiers in defining methods and fields
• Define and use class constants
• Understand and apply accessor and mutator methods
• Distinguish between instance variables and local variables
• Define and use instance methods and instance variables (attributes/fields)
• Define and use methods that have primitive data types as arguments
• Understand the importance of information hiding and encapsulation
• Declare and use local variables
• Describe the role of the reserved word this
• Demonstrate use of this to disambiguate object fields from local variables
• Trace a program including calls to class methods in multiple classes
• Use the debugger to trace the execution of a multi-class program
• Create and use constructor methods

Week 7

Defining your own classes

• Define and use methods that have reference data types as arguments
• Define and use overloaded methods
• Call methods of the same class
• Draw and explain memory diagrams that illustrate the instantiation of objects
• Describe the role of the garbage collector
• Compare the equality of two different objects
• Swap the data in two different objects
• Avoid redundant code by calling one constructor from a different constructor
• Understand the implications of acting on an object to which there are multiple references

Week 8

Design Techniques

• Use helper methods to avoid redundant code
• Adhere to the CS1110 coding standard
• Simplify complicated algorithms by encapsulating subordinate tasks
• Be familiar with various design approaches such as top-down, bottom-up, and case-based
• Use mechanisms in IntelliJ to refactor software
• Document each method using the Javadoc convention

Class Members

• Use class variables/attributes appropriately
• Use class methods appropriately

Arrays

• Use an array to store primitive and object types
• Create an array of a given size
• Loop through an array
• Pass an array as an argument

Week 9

2D Arrays

• Create a two-dimensional array of primitive values
• Loop through a two-dimensional array using a nested loop

Object Arrays

• Create an array of Objects
• Understand the implications of accessing an Object inside an array

ArrayLists

• Use an ArrayList<E> to store objects type E
• Use methods from the ArrayList<E> class such as
  • isEmpty()
  • get()
  • set()
  • add()
  • remove()
  • size()
  • indexOf()
  • lastIndexOf()
• Design and write code that makes use of the enhanced for loop, a.k.a., the for-each loop
• Describe the advantages of an ArrayList<E> over an Array

Week 10

Java Fundamentals

• Be aware of the memory requirements and value ranges for primitive types
• Use mathematic operations to manipulate characters
• Interpret code in which automatic type conversions are present
• Use type casting to explicitly convert data types
• Explain the risks associated with explicit type casting
• Use increment and decrement operators
• Explain how pre- and post- increment/decrement operators differ in functionality

Week 11

More Java Fundamentals

• Use short-circuit evaluation to avoid divide-by-zero and null-pointer exceptions
• Understand the implications of non-standard uses of language features
• Use a ternary conditional operator to control program flow

Interfaces

• Explain the concept of the Java interface
• Explain what it mean for a class to implement an interface
• Make use of an interface reference to refer to objects that implement the interface

Inheritance

• Use inheritance in creating classes
• If no default constructor is present in the superclass, explain why a constructor of a subclass should make an explicit call to a constructor of the superclass
• Define aggregation
• Define composition
• Use aggregation and composition within user defined classes
• Explain what is meant by "overriding a method"
• Make use of super reference to call a parent method from within a method that overrides it
• Understand the implications of a method or class having a final access modifier

UML

• Read and understand UML class diagrams
• Implement source code that meets the design specified in a UML class diagram

Week 12

Inheritance and Polymorphism

• Explain the role of the Object class
• Explain how automatic type promotion works with object references
• Override the equals() and toString() methods for user defined classes
• Explain the relationship between a reference type and the type of the object to which the reference points
• Explain the concept of polymorphism/dynamic binding
• Read code that uses inheritance and polymorphism and determine its output on execution
• Identify legal and illegal assignments of references to objects based on the reference type and object type.
• Explain what it means for a class to implement an interface
• Use the protected modifier in defining an inheritance hierarchy
• Describe when to use an abstract class
• Create an abstract method; describe the purpose of abstract methods
• Describe the differences between an abstract class and an interface
• Explain why Java prohibits multiple inheritance

Week 13

Exception Handling

• Explain how exception handling increases the robustness of software
• Define exception; explain the concepts of catch and throw as they relate to exceptions
• Explain why Error exceptions should not be caught in application code
• For a given program and input condition, determine the control flow of a try-catch block
• Implement a method that catches an exception thrown by a class in the Java Standard Library
• Implement a method that uses a try-catch block and a repetition statement (i.e., loop) to validate user input
• Distinguish between checked and unchecked exceptions
• Explain the concept of exception propagation; explain the outcome if an exception is thrown and not caught by the program
• Explain the consequences of not handling a checked exception within a method where the checked exception occurs
• Use multiple catch blocks to customize the way different types of exceptions are handled
• Inspect a call stack trace displayed by an unhandled exception to determine what caused the exception to be thrown
• Use the throws clause to postpone when a checked exception is handled
• For a given program and input condition, determine the control flow of a try-catch block with and without the finally clause

Week 14

Files and Directories

• Create a Java Path object and associate it with a file on disk
• Determine if a file exists on disk
• Determine if a Java Path object is associated with a file or a directory
• Convert between Path and File objects
• Understand the difference between a relative path and an absolute path
• Use the Files class to obtain input and output streams

Input and Output (I/O)

• Associate a low-level input (i.e., FileInputStream) or output (i.e., FileOutputStream) stream with a File object
• Describe how low-level file I/O works (i.e., reading or writing of byte data, importance of the sequence of data)
• Describe how high-level (DataOutputStream and DataInputStream) file I/O works (i.e., methods for reading and writing of primitive data types, association with low-level stream, the importance of the sequence of data)
• Explain why it is important to close a stream when file operations are complete
• Use the try-with-resources construct to ensure resources are closed appropriately
• Explain what the PrintWriter class is used for
• Read text data from a file using Scanner objects
• Use the Files class to read/write text files
• Explain the difference between binary and text files
• Describe some of the important exceptions that the java file IO classes generate.

Documentation and Distribution

• Generate HTML documentation using the Javadoc tool
• Generate executable JAR files

Week 15

Secure Software Development

• Describe how encapsulation can improve software security
• Describe how avoiding duplicate code can improve software security
• Demonstrate how validating input can improve software security
• Demonstrate how creating copies of mutable output values can improve software security
• Explain how public static final fields that are not constants can create security vulnerabilities
• Make use of final to guard against data corruption

Relevant ACM Curricular Guide Outcomes

Introduction to Modeling and Simulation

• Explain the concept of modeling and the use of abstraction that allows the use of a machine to solve a problem. [CN|Introduction to Modeling and Simulation|1]

Fundamental Concepts

• Identify common uses of digital presentation to humans (eg, computer graphics, sound). [GV|Fundamental Concepts|1]
• Explain in general terms how analog signals can be reasonably represented by discrete samples, for example, how images can be represented by pixels. [GV|Fundamental Concepts|2]

Defensive Programming

• Explain why input validation and data sanitization is necessary in the face of adversarial control of the input channel. [IAS|Defensive Programming|1]
• Explain why you might choose to develop a program in a type-safe language like Java, in contrast to an unsafe programming language like C/C++. [IAS|Defensive Programming|2]
• Classify common input validation errors, and write correct input validation code. [IAS|Defensive Programming|3]
• Demonstrate using a high-level programming language how to prevent a race condition from occurring and how to handle an exception. [IAS|Defensive Programming|4]
• Demonstrate the identification and graceful handling of error conditions. [IAS|Defensive Programming|5]

Object-Oriented Programming

• Design and implement a class. [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|1]
• Use subclassing to design simple class hierarchies that allow code to be reused for distinct subclasses. [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|2]
• Compare and contrast (1) the procedural /functional approach–defining a function for each operation with the function body providing a case for each data variant–and (2) the object-oriented approach–defining a class for each data variant with the class definition providing a method for each operation Understand both as defining a matrix of operations and variants. [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|4]
• Explain the relationship between object-oriented inheritance (code-sharing and overriding) and subtyping (the idea of a subtype being usable in a context that expects the supertype). [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|5]
• Use object-oriented encapsulation mechanisms such as interfaces and private members. [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|6]
• Define and use iterators and other operations on aggregates, including operations that take functions as arguments, in multiple programming languages, selecting the most natural idioms for each language. [PL|Object-Oriented Programming|7]

Basic Type Systems

• For both a primitive and a compound type, informally describe the values that have that type. [PL|Basic Type Systems|1]
• For a language with a static type system, describe the operations that are forbidden statically, such as passing the wrong type of value to a function or method. [PL|Basic Type Systems|2]
• Describe examples of program errors detected by a type system. [PL|Basic Type Systems|3]
• For multiple programming languages, identify program properties checked statically and program properties checked dynamically. [PL|Basic Type Systems|4]
• Use types and type-error messages to write and debug programs. [PL|Basic Type Systems|6]
• Explain how typing rules define the set of operations that are legal for a type. [PL|Basic Type Systems|7]
• Write down the type rules governing the use of a particular compound type. [PL|Basic Type Systems|8]
• Explain why undecidability requires type systems to conservatively approximate program behavior. [PL|Basic Type Systems|9]
• Define and use program pieces (such as functions, classes, methods) that use generic types, including for collections. [PL|Basic Type Systems|10]
• Discuss the differences among generics, subtyping, and overloading. [PL|Basic Type Systems|11]
• Explain multiple benefits and limitations of static typing in writing, maintaining, and debugging software. [PL|Basic Type Systems|12]

Algorithms and Design

• Discuss the importance of algorithms in the problem-solving process. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|1]
• Discuss how a problem may be solved by multiple algorithms, each with different properties. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|2]
• Create algorithms for solving simple problems. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|3]
• Use a programming language to implement, test, and debug algorithms for solving simple problems. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|4]
• Apply the techniques of decomposition to break a program into smaller pieces. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|8]
• Identify the data components and behaviors of multiple abstract data types. [SDF|Algorithms and Design|9]

Fundamental Programming Concepts

• Analyze and explain the behavior of simple programs involving the fundamental programming constructs variables, expressions, assignments, I/O, control constructs, functions, parameter passing, and recursion. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|1]
• Identify and describe uses of primitive data types. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|2]
• Write programs that use primitive data types. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|3]
• Modify and expand short programs that use standard conditional and iterative control structures and functions. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|4]
• Design, implement, test, and debug a program that uses each of the following fundamental programming constructs: basic computation, simple I/O, standard conditional and iterative structures, the definition of functions, and parameter passing. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|5]
• Choose appropriate conditional and iteration constructs for a given programming task. [SDF|Fundamental Programming Concepts|7]

Development Methods

• Trace the execution of a variety of code segments and write summaries of their computations. [SDF|Development Methods|1]
• Explain why the creation of correct program components is important in the production of high-quality software. [SDF|Development Methods|2]
• Identify common coding errors that lead to insecure programs (eg, buffer overflows, memory leaks, malicious code) and apply strategies for avoiding such errors. [SDF|Development Methods|3]
• Conduct a personal code review (focused on common coding errors) on a program component using a provided checklist. [SDF|Development Methods|4]
• Describe how a contract can be used to specify the behavior of a program component. [SDF|Development Methods|6]
• Refactor a program by identifying opportunities to apply procedural abstraction. [SDF|Development Methods|7]
• Apply a variety of strategies to the testing and debugging of simple programs. [SDF|Development Methods|8]
• Construct, execute and debug programs using a modern IDE and associated tools such as unit testing tools and visual debuggers. [SDF|Development Methods|9]
• Construct and debug programs using the standard libraries available with a chosen programming language. [SDF|Development Methods|10]
• Apply consistent documentation and program style standards that contribute to the readability and maintainability of software. [SDF|Development Methods|12]

Software Construction

• Describe techniques, coding idioms and mechanisms for implementing designs to achieve desired properties such as reliability, efficiency, and robustness. [SE|Software Construction|1]
• Build robust code using exception handling mechanisms. [SE|Software Construction|2]
• Describe secure coding and defensive coding practices. [SE|Software Construction|3]
• Write a software component that performs some non-trivial task and is resilient to input and run-time errors. [SE|Software Construction|9]